{"id":2563,"date":"2025-10-25T10:56:32","date_gmt":"2025-10-25T03:56:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/?p=2563"},"modified":"2025-12-29T14:02:07","modified_gmt":"2025-12-29T07:02:07","slug":"papyrus-edwin-smith-buoc-khoi-dau-cua-y-hoc-giai-phau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/2025\/10\/25\/papyrus-edwin-smith-buoc-khoi-dau-cua-y-hoc-giai-phau\/","title":{"rendered":"Papyrus Edwin Smith \u2013 B\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a y h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

Papyrus Edwin Smith l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi ch\u00e9p y h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ai C\u1eadp c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n y h\u1ecdc mang t\u00ednh th\u1ea7n b\u00ed nh\u01b0 Papyrus Ebers, Papyrus Edwin Smith th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0 duy khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 duy l\u00fd \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c \u2013 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quan s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

V\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e9p v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1600 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n c\u1ed5 h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 3000 TCN. Hi\u1ec7n nay, b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Brooklyn (Hoa K\u1ef3).<\/p>\n

\"\"\"\"\"\"<\/p>\n

2. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n<\/h2>\n

Papyrus n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Edwin Smith \u2013 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 bu\u00f4n c\u1ed5 v\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u2013 mua n\u0103m 1862 t\u1ea1i Luxor, Ai C\u1eadp. Sau khi \u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi, b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con g\u00e1i hi\u1ebfn t\u1eb7ng cho Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i L\u1ecbch s\u1eed New York. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1930, nh\u00e0 Ai C\u1eadp h\u1ecdc James Henry Breasted (\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Chicago) \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 b\u1ea3n sao, \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Papyrus d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 4,68 m\u00e9t, g\u1ed3m 17 trang m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 5 trang m\u1eb7t sau, ghi ch\u00e9p 48 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng chi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

3. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h2>\n

Papyrus Edwin Smith \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 t\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cao, mang t\u00ednh gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i khoa \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. M\u1ed7i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p (case) th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, quan s\u00e1t l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng, ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u: m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 g\u00e3y s\u1ecd v\u00e0 li\u1ec7t n\u1eeda ng\u01b0\u1eddi; h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u0103ng b\u00f3 v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed5; nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee7y s\u1ed1ng qua m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 li\u1ec7t chi d\u01b0\u1edbi. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00ea t\u00edn, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0 duy y h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

4. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n

Papyrus Edwin Smith l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1edbm c\u1ee7a y h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m. V\u0103n b\u1ea3n cho th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ai C\u1eadp c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu th\u1ea7n kinh, s\u1ecd n\u00e3o v\u00e0 t\u1ee7y s\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb y h\u1ecdc th\u1ea7n quy\u1ec1n sang y h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng \u2013 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc y hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc James Henry Breasted t\u1eebng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cN\u1ebfu Hippocrates \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a y h\u1ecdc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, th\u00ec Papyrus Edwin Smith ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ai C\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4ng h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7.\u201d<\/p>\n

5. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi y h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, Papyrus Edwin Smith \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho t\u01b0 duy l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u2013 quan s\u00e1t, ghi ch\u00e9p, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng. Nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m trong v\u0103n b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ecd n\u00e3o, li\u1ec7t t\u1ee7y s\u1ed1ng hay v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edf \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chu\u1ea9n trong y h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c y khoa, vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u Papyrus Edwin Smith gi\u00fap sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 y qua h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n

6. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

Papyrus Edwin Smith l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh Ai C\u1eadp c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. V\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m, v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho ng\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu, ngo\u1ea1i khoa v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n kinh h\u1ecdc \u2013 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i trong h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Papyrus Edwin Smith l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi ch\u00e9p y h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ai C\u1eadp c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2564,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,75],"tags":[412],"class_list":["post-2563","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","category-y-khoa-the-gioi","tag-papyrus-edwin-smith"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2563","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2563"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2563\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2567,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2563\/revisions\/2567"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2564"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2563"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2563"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2563"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}