{"id":2589,"date":"2025-10-25T14:33:18","date_gmt":"2025-10-25T07:33:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/?p=2589"},"modified":"2025-12-29T10:15:35","modified_gmt":"2025-12-29T03:15:35","slug":"may-khu-rung-tim-cuu-trai-tim-khoi-ranh-gioi-su-song-va-cai-chet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/2025\/10\/25\/may-khu-rung-tim-cuu-trai-tim-khoi-ranh-gioi-su-song-va-cai-chet\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e1y kh\u1eed rung tim \u2013 C\u1ee9u tr\u00e1i tim kh\u1ecfi ranh gi\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>1. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u00e1y kh\u1eed rung tim (Defibrillator) l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y khoa d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0o tim nh\u1eb1m kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c nh\u1ecbp tim b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng khi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n r\u01a1i v\u00e0o rung th\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eebng tim do lo\u1ea1n nh\u1ecbp. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ed3i s\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u, gi\u00fap h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed7i n\u0103m.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u00e1y kh\u1eed rung tim l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u201cy h\u1ecdc can thi\u1ec7p s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng\u201d \u2013 n\u01a1i th\u1eddi gian t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e2y v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh sinh t\u1eed.<\/p>\n<h2>2. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m kh\u1eed rung tim xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00ean c\u01a1 tim.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u0103m 1899: Hai nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 Jean-Louis Pr\u00e9vost v\u00e0 Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Batelli ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ng\u1eebng tim, nh\u01b0ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tim \u0111\u1eadp l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng sinh l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u1eed rung.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1930: Nh\u00e0 sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc Nga Yevgeny O. Kouwenhoven v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Johns Hopkins (M\u1ef9) \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u00e1y kh\u1eed rung ngo\u00e0i l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c tr\u00ean ch\u00f3, cho th\u1ea5y c\u00fa s\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eebng rung th\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c nh\u1ecbp xoang b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u0103m 1947: B\u00e1c s\u0129 Claude Beck t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Case Western Reserve (M\u1ef9) l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng kh\u1eed rung tim tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp trong ca ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt tim m\u1edf. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y kh\u1eed rung tim trong l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>3. Ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed rung<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sau th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed rung tim \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn l\u1edbn:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">1956: Dr. Paul Zoll ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e1y kh\u1eed rung ngo\u00e0i l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ng\u1eebng tim ngo\u00e0i ph\u00f2ng m\u1ed5.<br \/>\n\u2022 1960s: S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y kh\u1eed rung tim di \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00fap nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang theo khi c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<br \/>\n\u2022 1970s: Bernard Lown c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec7n hai pha (biphasic waveform), gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u01a1 tim.<br \/>\n\u2022 1980s: Xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u00e1y kh\u1eed rung tim t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng (AED \u2013 Automated External Defibrillator), c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1ecbp tim v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4. C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e1y kh\u1eed rung tim g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (pin ho\u1eb7c t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n): t\u1ea1o d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<br \/>\n\u2022 B\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1ecbp tim: x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i lo\u1ea1n nh\u1ecbp c\u1ea7n kh\u1eed rung.<br \/>\n\u2022 Hai b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c (pads ho\u1eb7c paddles): \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean ng\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n qua tim.<br \/>\n\u2022 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n: l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng: D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ea1nh (200\u2013360 joules) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua tim trong th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn (1\u20132 mili-gi\u00e2y), gi\u00fap t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi &#8216;reset&#8217; ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a tim \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00fat xoang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1ecbp b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<h2>5. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y kh\u1eed rung tim hi\u1ec7n nay<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u00e1y kh\u1eed rung tim ngo\u00e0i l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c (AED): D\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng chuy\u00ean, c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i, t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1ecbp tim, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng.<br \/>\n2. M\u00e1y kh\u1eed rung tim chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng (Manual Defibrillator): D\u00e0nh cho b\u00e1c s\u0129, cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ed1c v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i ECG.<br \/>\n3. M\u00e1y kh\u1eed rung tim c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p (ICD \u2013 Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator): Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1ecf c\u1ea5y trong ng\u1ef1c, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u1eed rung khi c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1n nh\u1ecbp nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>6. \u00dd ngh\u0129a trong y h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u00e1y kh\u1eed rung tim l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft\u201d trong h\u1ed3i s\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">T\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 60\u201370% n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed rung trong 1 ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ea7u.<br \/>\n\u2022 L\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c trong ph\u00f2ng m\u1ed5, khoa c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u, xe c\u1ee9u th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn.<br \/>\n\u2022 Th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a y h\u1ecdc can thi\u1ec7p \u2013 n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t m\u00e1y, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00fa s\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h2>7. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">T\u1eeb th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u00f4ng minh ng\u00e0y nay, m\u00e1y kh\u1eed rung tim \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a y h\u1ecdc c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Ph\u00e1t minh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n trao l\u1ea1i nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1eadp cho tr\u00e1i tim nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cM\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n m\u00e1y kh\u1eed rung ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n y h\u1ecdc chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng th\u1eddi gian.\u201d \u2014 T\u00f4n vinh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi khai sinh k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean h\u1ed3i s\u1ee9c tim m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u M\u00e1y kh\u1eed rung tim (Defibrillator) l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y khoa d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0o tim nh\u1eb1m kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c nh\u1ecbp tim b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,75],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2589","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","category-y-khoa-the-gioi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2589","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2589"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2589\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2590,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2589\/revisions\/2590"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2589"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2589"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2589"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}