{"id":2626,"date":"2025-10-25T15:52:06","date_gmt":"2025-10-25T08:52:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/?p=2626"},"modified":"2025-12-29T10:09:34","modified_gmt":"2025-12-29T03:09:34","slug":"ca-ghep-gan-dau-tien-tren-the-gioi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/2025\/10\/25\/ca-ghep-gan-dau-tien-tren-the-gioi\/","title":{"rendered":"CA GH\u00c9P GAN \u0110\u1ea6U TI\u00caN TR\u00caN TH\u1ebe GI\u1edaI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gh\u00e9p gan l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a y h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u2014 cho ph\u00e9p thay th\u1ebf c\u01a1 quan suy tho\u00e1i b\u1eb1ng gan kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 m\u1edf ra hy v\u1ecdng m\u1edbi cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh gan giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1960, b\u1ec7nh gan ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 x\u01a1 gan, suy gan c\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1edbi t\u1eed vong v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf. Nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gh\u00e9p v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 \u201cch\u1ebft n\u00e3o\u201d v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c l\u1ea5y t\u1ea1ng hi\u1ebfn c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1eed th\u00e1ch l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Ca gh\u00e9p gan \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      N\u0103m 1963, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Thomas E. Starzl th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ca gh\u00e9p gan \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi. D\u00f9 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, vi\u1ec7c gh\u00e9p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u2013 c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p gan ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eadt \u2013 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t: gh\u00e9p gan gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 thi.<\/p>\n

      Sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1967, Starzl v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ca gh\u00e9p gan \u201cth\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng\u201d h\u01a1n khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn s\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gan t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. T\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u trong gh\u00e9p gan \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gh\u00e9p t\u1ea1ng \u2013 t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n gan, \u0111\u1ebfn thu\u1ed1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e0o th\u1ea3i t\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

        Ng\u00e0y nay, gh\u00e9p gan \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb suy gan m\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c ung th\u01b0 gan giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i; t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng th\u00eam n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tham kh\u1ea3o cho gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c y khoa<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ca gh\u00e9p gan \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o trong y h\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf sinh vi\u00ean y khoa v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1 y r\u1eb1ng: m\u1ed7i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, t\u1eeb c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn \u201ckh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3\u201d t\u1edbi \u201cc\u00f3 th\u1ec3\u201d. Tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng y khoa gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 y khoa, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a hi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Gh\u00e9p gan l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a y h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u2014 cho ph\u00e9p thay th\u1ebf c\u01a1 quan suy tho\u00e1i b\u1eb1ng gan kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 m\u1edf…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,75],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2626","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","category-y-khoa-the-gioi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2626","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2626"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2626\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2627,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2626\/revisions\/2627"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2626"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2626"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/museum.pctu.com.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2626"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}